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Amniotic fluid: Causes, risks, and treatment
Amniotic fluid is a condition in which too little amniotic fluid is present, which can seriously affect both the fetus and the mother.
What is amniotic fluid?
Amniotic fluid is produced shortly after about 12 days of conception. Initially made up of water supplied by the mother, and after about 20 weeks fetal urine becomes the main source.
As the fetus grows, the baby will move and tumble in the womb with the help of amniotic fluid. During the second trimester, your baby will begin to breathe and swallow amniotic fluid.
In some cases, the mother's amniotic fluid may be too low or too high. If the amount of amniotic fluid is too low , you are in a state of amniotic fluid deficiency.
How is amniotic fluid considered?
Amniotic fluid deficiency is a condition in which too little amniotic fluid is present. Doctors can measure amniotic fluid through several different methods, the most common being an amniotic fluid index (AFI) assessment or measuring the depth of the amniotic sac.
If the AFI is less than 5 cm (lower than percentile 5) or has no depth of 2-3 cm, or the volume of amniotic fluid is less than 500 mL at 32-36 weeks gestation, you may be diagnosed with amniotic fluid.
About 8% of pregnant women have low levels of amniotic fluid, of which about 4% are diagnosed as lacking amniotic fluid. It can happen at any time during pregnancy, but it's most common during the last trimester.
If a woman is 2 weeks or more past her due date, she has a low risk of developing amniotic fluid as the fluids may halve after 42 weeks of pregnancy.
What causes amniotic fluid deficiency?
Birth defects. The fetus's urinary system and kidneys do not develop well or the urine path is closed, the baby will not be able to maintain the mechanism of swallowing water - urinating as usual.
Placenta problems - If the placenta doesn't provide enough blood and nutrients to the fetus, your baby can stop recycling amniotic fluid.
Leak or rupture of the amniotic fluid - Amniotic fluid may drain a lot or leak from a rupture of the amniotic sac. Premature rupture of the amniotic fluid can lead to amniocentesis.
Past due date - usually lasting more than 42 weeks, the amount of amniotic fluid will drop as a result of decreased placental function.
Maternal Complications - Factors like maternal dehydration, hypertension, preeclampsia, diabetes, and chronic hypoxia can affect amniotic fluid levels.
Risk of too little amniotic fluid
Risks related to gestational age. Amniotic fluid is essential for the development of fetal muscles, limbs, lungs and digestive system.
During the second trimester, babies begin to breathe and swallow amniotic fluid to help lungs develop and mature. Amniotic fluid also helps your baby develop muscles and limbs by providing plenty of space for baby to move.
If amniotic fluid is detected in the first half of pregnancy, complications can be more serious and include:
Cramped amniotic sac compresses the fetus, leading to birth defects
Increased risk of miscarriage or stillbirth
If amniotic fluid is detected in the second half of pregnancy, complications may include:
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
Preterm birth
Complications of childbirth
Treatments
The treatment of low amniotic fluid is based on gestational age. If you are not yet due, your doctor will have to monitor the amniotic fluid and mother's health very closely. If you are closer to your due date, most doctors will recommend early delivery.
Other treatments that may be used include:
This extra liquid helps cushion the umbilical cord during delivery and helps reduce the risk of a cesarean section.
Infusion into the amniotic chamber. Although amniotic fluid usually returns within a week, it can assist in making it easier for doctors to observe the fetus and make a diagnosis.
Pregnant mothers should maintain a healthy diet and a reasonable resting regimen. Drinking plenty of water will help pregnant mothers reduce the risk of less amniotic fluid.
In some cases of lack of amniotic fluid, doctors often recommend that you drink coconut water to get more amniotic fluid and make it clearer.
Pregnant mothers should pay attention to the manifestations on their body so that they can detect the risks in pregnancy at the earliest, ensuring the safety of the fetus.
See more:
Amniotic fluid index in pregnant women and things to know
Signs warning pregnant mothers are lacking water need to supplement immediately
A baby died after drinking breastmilk mixed with water.
to discuss and update information with other parents!
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