The economic life on the 1st day is getting better, leading to many consequences, including overweight and obesity children. Not only is the story of 1 day 2, obesity is becoming a problem when the rate of obesity has increased in recent years. Parents need to understand the impact of this situation on their children's health as well as how to prevent them to prevent serious consequences in the future.
Overweight is a condition in which weight increases too much compared to height, not only due to excess fat but also due to a lot of muscle or water in the body. Whereas obesity is a complex disorder involving too much fat in the body. Obesity not only affects your physique, but also increases the risk of disease.
Not all large children are overweight or obese. Some children have a larger body frame than average. At the same time, children often have different amounts of body fat at different stages of development, so visual observations will not give accurate results.
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is used to calculate the weight / height ratio, from which it divides the levels to assess the body condition, details are as follows:
Calculation formula: BMI = Weight (kg) / (height (m) x height (m))
Evaluate the child's well-being based on the BMI% growth chart by age. This chart is the most commonly used metric to measure the size and growth patterns of children and adolescents:
BMI <5%: Underweight. Children are at risk of many diseases such as low blood pressure and osteoporosis because the body is not supplied with enough nutrients, the immune system is weakened, so they are susceptible to diseases, especially infections.
BMI between 5% - 85%: Normal / healthy. Children have a balanced weight and height, less risk of disease, a healthier and more active body
85% - 95%: Overweight (risk of obesity)
> 95%: Obesity.
Example: A 5-year-old child weighs 24kg, is 1.2m tall.
Child's BMI = weight / (height x height) = 22 / (1.1x1.1) = 16.67. Draw a column at position 5 according to the age axis (horizontal), this column will cut the curves at 3 positions; BMI value of 16.67 is located in the blue area, so a 5 year old child with a BMI of 16.67 is an appropriate nutrition
Depending on age and sex, the doctor will use the BMI to know if the baby's weight is normal for his height, or if the baby is overweight or obese.
Being overweight and obese has many serious consequences that affect the health and future of children, including:
Children who are obese, the heart has to work harder to pump blood to feed the body. In the long run, it overloads the heart, making it susceptible to cardiovascular diseases.
Children who are obese are more susceptible to diseases caused by dyslipidemia (cholesterol or high cholesterol). High cholesterol causes fibrosis of blood vessels, hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction over time. In addition, the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease in adulthood is also increased in overweight and obese children.
Glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, more severe diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia causing gout are common in obese children, the most serious of which is diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes in children includes 2 types: type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes: The pancreas does not secrete enough insulin to help bring glucose from the blood into the cells that nourish the body. An insulin deficiency causes blood glucose to rise
Type 2 Diabetes: The pancreas still secrete enough insulin and even secrete more, but due to the emergence of insulin resistance, glucose cannot enter the cells, leading to increased blood glucose causing dangerous complications such as damage. damage to small blood vessels (resulting in vision loss, kidney failure), large blood vessels (resulting in heart attack, stroke, limb necrosis), nerves ... This is a chronic disease that cannot cures and will pursue the child for the rest of his life.
Besides the above endocrine diseases, obesity is also the leading cause of early puberty in girls. Children with early puberty will have limited height in adulthood, have sexual desire before age, appear polycystic ovary syndrome ... If the child shows signs or suspects that the baby has this condition, parents should let your baby go to the doctor as soon as possible.
Children who are overweight and obese are also at higher risk of diseases of the digestive tract and secretory organs when:
Excess fat clinging to the intestinal loop causes constipation, easy to generate hemorrhoids
Stagnant feces and toxic waste produced in the metabolism can easily lead to colon cancer
Fat accumulation in the liver causes fatty liver, increased liver enzymes, cirrhosis
Disorders of fat metabolism produce gallstones.
Research shows that overweight and obese children when growing up have a higher risk of arthritis than normal children because the extra weight increases the pressure on the skeleton, especially the knee and spine. Children who are overweight and obese are prone to osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, chronic pain and easy gout.
Condition of obesity , overweight in children usually lasts till the end of time teens. Children are more susceptible to discrimination, bullying and teasing than their normal weight peers due to their different appearance. They are more likely to be isolated, suffer from psychological problems such as depression, low self-esteem, reluctance to appear in public, lack of confidence in communicating and participating in social activities. Psychological effects can last into adulthood.
Because the child's health is not the same as other children, it is less flexible, causing children to develop depressed mood, sadness, in the long run can cause depression and many other psychological problems.
Overweight and obesity can cause children to have eating disorders, creating unhealthy eating habits in the future.
Hyperventilation, sleep apnea is a very dangerous complication because excess fat can block the airways
Idiopathic hyperemia ("pseudotumor" syndrome) causes headaches and vision problems.
Sleep Disorders: Babies who are sleeping suddenly wake up screaming, babies wake up several times during the night, and nap lasts from 1 to several months. Overweight and obese children, when suffering from sleep disorders also cause short-term breathing stops with snoring, muscle jerkers when sleeping, sleeping too much, insomnia, night panic ...
Dementia: Children who are overweight and obese often have a lower intelligence score than children of normal weight
When sick, children are often prescribed by doctors with more medicine to match the weight. This means that children have to face many side effects of the drug, long term effects on the organs of the body.
Overweight obesity is a dangerous situation in children. Part of the reason is due to the nourishing mentality of parents, always afraid of their children being hungry and thirst, so they feed them innocently with too many nutrients. The consequences of overweight, obesity on the health and future of children are extremely serious, so right now parents should build a scientific diet, do not eat low-energy, high-energy snacks. fat and it is important that parents also set an example for children to learn to follow.
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