Computers and other devices on a network share a finite amount of resources, and that's true for both wired and wireless (WiFi) networks . When you connect your laptop, PC, and smartphone to the network, it becomes more difficult to stream Netflix or Hulu on your TV. That's because as more devices connect to the network, it takes up more bandwidth.
The router will automatically determine where capacity and network usage is most needed. It then adjusts the network to keep all devices performing at a consistent level.
How many devices can connect to one router?
Most home networks and public WiFi hotspots operate with a single wireless access point (a broadband router in the case of a home network). In contrast, business computer networks install multiple access points to extend wireless network coverage over a larger area.
Each access point has a limit to the number of connections and network load it can handle. By integrating multiple access points into a larger network, the overall scale is increased.
Theoretical limits of WiFi network size
Many individual wireless routers and other access points can support up to about 250 connected devices.
Important : The speed of an access point represents the maximum (theoretical) network bandwidth each point can support. For example, a WiFi router rated at 300Mbps with 100 connected devices can only provide an average of 3Mbps to each device (300/100 = 3).
If you are unsure what your router can support, try searching the internet for more information based on your device's model number.
Most people only use their network connection occasionally, and a router shifts available bandwidth to devices that need it. That changes depending on what a particular device needs at a particular time.
Practical Limits of WiFi Network Extension
Most people don't reach anywhere near the maximum number of devices a typical router can support. That's a good thing, because connecting 250 devices to a single WiFi access point (theoretically) is not feasible for a few reasons.
Administrators often maintain limits to keep routers and networks running smoothly.
On a home network, all devices typically share a single Internet connection. Performance degrades as more devices join the network and use it at the same time. Even just a few active devices streaming video or downloading files can quickly hog the shared Internet link.
Access points will overheat and stop working when operating at too high a load for long periods of time, even when handling only local traffic and not accessing the Internet.
A large number of WiFi devices clustered in close proximity, such as a home or office building, creates wireless signal interference. Radio interference between WiFi devices degrades network performance (due to frequent retransmission of messages that do not reach their destination) and eventually causes connection problems.
Some home routers include a feature that allows administrators to control the number of clients that can connect simultaneously. For example, many Linksys routers default to a maximum of 50 devices.
How to maximize network potential
Installing a second router or access point on your home network can help distribute the network load. By adding multiple access points to the network, any number of devices can be supported. However, this makes network management increasingly difficult.
Another thing you can do, if you have one or more routers that support a large number of devices, is to increase the bandwidth available to each simultaneously connected device by upgrading your subscription with your ISP. For example, if your network devices and Internet subscription download at 1Gbps, connecting 50 devices at once allows each device to use up to 20 megabits of data per second.
Some people use mesh networks to improve wireless coverage in their homes. These networks provide better coverage because they consist of “nested” routers that provide Internet coverage over a large area, something most traditional single-router networks cannot provide.
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