Keywords in Go
Keyword - Keywords are words in a language that are used for some internal processes or represent some predefined actions. Here is what you need to know about keywords in Golang.
Cases to know when using selection statements in Golang
In Go language, select statement is like switch statement , but in select statement, case statement refers to communication, i.e. sending or receiving operation on channel.
Syntax:
select{
case SendOrReceive1: // Lệnh
case SendOrReceive2: // Lệnh
case SendOrReceive3: // Lệnh
.......
default: // LệnhIn this article, we will learn how to use default case to avoid deadlock. But first, we will learn what is deadlock case when using select command in Golang ?
Things to know about deadlock case in Golang
Deadlock: When you try to read or write data from a channel but the channel is not available. So it blocks the current execution of the goroutine and transfers control to other goroutines, but if no other goroutine is available or other goroutines are idle due to this situation, the program will crash. This phenomenon is called deadlock. As shown in the example below:
For example:
// Chương trình Go minh hoạc
// cách deadlock phát sinh
package main
// Hàm chính
func main() {
// Tạo một kênh
// Deadlock phát sinh bởi
// không có goroutine đang viết
// vào kênh này, vì thế
// lệnh select đã bị khóa mãi mãi
c := make(chan int)
select {
case <-c: }="" }="">Result:
fatal error: all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!
goroutine 1 [chan receive]:
main.main()To avoid this situation, we use default case in select statement. In other words, when deadlock occurs in the program, default case of select statement is executed to avoid deadlock. As in the example below, we use default case in select statement to avoid deadlock.
For example:
// Chương trình Go minh họa cách giải quyết
// vấn đề deadlock bằng case mặc định
package main
import "fmt"
// Hàm chính
func main() {
// Tạo 1 kênh
c := make(chan int)
select {
case <-c: default:="" fmt.println("!..="" default="" case..!")="" }="" }="">Result:
!.. Default case..!You are also allowed to use the default case when the select statement has only nil channel . As shown in the example below, channel c is nil, so the default case is executed if the default case here is not available, then the program will block forever and deadlock arises.
For example:
// Chương trình Go minh họa
// chạy case mặc định
package main
import "fmt"
// Hàm chính
func main() {
// Tạo một kênh
var c chan int
select {
case x1 := <-c: fmt.println("value:="" ",="" x1)="" default:="" fmt.println("default="" case..!")="" }="" }="">Result:
Default case..!Data types in Golang
Data types specify what type of data a valid Go variable can hold. In the Go language, types are divided into four categories as follows:
Function arguments in Golang
Go supports two main ways to pass arguments: Pass by Value and Pass by Reference. Go uses pass by value by default.
Function returning multiple values in Golang
In Go language, you are allowed to return multiple values from a function, using the return statement. In other words, in a function, a return statement can return multiple values.
Switch Statement in Go
Golang like most other programming languages has switch statement. Here is how to use switch statement in Golang.
Anonymous structures and fields in Golang
Anonymous structs in Golang are temporary structures with no names used for one-time purposes, while anonymous fields allow embedding of unnamed fields.
How to use Rune in Golang
What is Rune in Golang? How to use Rune in Golang? This article will give you the answer.
How to use operators in Golang
Operators allow us to perform different types of operations on operands. In Go language, operators can be classified based on their different functions.
Void identifier in Golang
_(underscore) in Golang is called Blank Identifier. Identifier is a user-defined name of program elements used for identification purposes.
How to create basic program in Golang
Hello, World! is the first basic program in any programming language. You can write this first program in Golang by following the steps below.
How to Install Go on Windows
Golang can be easily installed on Windows. Here is a step-by-step guide to install Golang on Windows.
Methods with the same name in Golang
Golang allows creating two or more methods with the same name in the same package, but the receivers of these methods must be of different types.
Functions in Go
In Go, functions are blocks of code that perform specific tasks, which can be reused throughout the program to save memory, improve readability, and save time.
Variable Scope in Go
The scope of a variable in Golang determines which part of the program the variable is accessible to. In Go, all identifiers have a lexical scope that is determined at compile time.
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