It is hot in summer, the body loses a lot of water, is tired, has poor resistance to disease, so it is easy to get sick. In children, due to poor resistance and an incomplete immune system, there is a high risk of some dangerous diseases in the hot season. Here are 6 children's diseases in the hot season, please refer to them to proactively detect and prevent them in time!
Common summer diseases in children
Child diseases hot season
1. Respiratory disease
Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract is divided into 2 categories: acute upper respiratory tract inflammation and chronic upper respiratory tract inflammation.
The disease usually occurs when there are some favorable factors in action such as changing weather from hot to cold; drinking too cold water or ice or ice cream; air conditioning ... The first symptom is fever (mild fever, sometimes high fever with chills), accompanied by a fever is cough, sneezing and runny nose. Cough sometimes just cough, sometimes cough continuously.
2. Hand - foot - mouth disease
It is caused by enterovirus (E71) and Coxcakieruses. Spread mainly in the gastrointestinal tract, from person to person. Common in children under 5 years old, mostly in children under 3 years old. Initially, children often have low fever, sore throat, sore mouth, drooling and loss of appetite. Young children often cry, stop feeding. At that time, the child's mouth could have red sores like mouth sores, which appear much on the palate, inner lips, gums, tongue ...
Observed can see a blistering rash or a rash on the skin on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, knees, buttocks. At the same time the disease can cause many dangerous complications such as encephalitis, myocarditis, and acute pulmonary edema leading to death.
3. Virus fever
Children often have high fever, fatigue, headache, may have symptoms of upper respiratory tract inflammation such as sneezing, runny nose, cough ... The disease usually progresses benign in 3-5 days, mainly treatment is reduce fever, oral electrolyte replacement, ensure good nutrition and care for nose and throat to limit superinfection. Need to monitor for signs of complications: headache, vomiting a lot, disturbed consciousness, seizures ... to detect symptoms of encephalitis and should be treated promptly.
4. Japanese encephalitis
The hot summer is a chance for Japanese B encephalitis to appear and the possibility of an outbreak is high. Japanese B encephalitis is caused by the Arbo virus. The disease mainly occurs in children under 15 years old (accounting for over 90% of cases), of which the majority are children from 1-5 years old. Adults can also get sick (if they don't have immunity).
The disease has a high mortality rate or severe neurological sequelae. Common manifestations are: high fever, headache, vomiting, consciousness disorder, convulsions and rapid coma. When a child has symptoms, it is necessary to quickly bring the child to the medical facility for examination and treatment.
Child diseases hot season
5. Dengue fever
The disease usually increases rapidly in the summer. Onset of illness with a sudden high fever. Associated manifestations: red face, congested skin, muscle aches, joint pain, headache. Some cases include sore throat, eye conjunctivitis, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. In infants, a runny nose or diarrhea symptom may also occur. Then, the patient may manifest hemorrhagic spots (red spots that do not disappear when pressed), mucosal bleeding such as nosebleeds, tooth bleeding, bleeding bowel movements. All of the above cases must be treated immediately, in case of dangerous and dangerous developments.
6. Acute diarrhea
80% occur in children under 2 years old. The cause can be pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria (dysentery, typhoid, cholera ...) or viruses, fungi, intestinal parasites. Acute diarrhea is often caused by eating contaminated food or water. Or in contact with the stool of someone with acute diarrhea.
Symptoms of the disease:
Children go outside 10-15 times / day, the stools are loose, watery, and have a sour smell when there is bloody mucus
Vomiting continuously or several times a day, often vomiting after eating
Children anorexia, drink more urine, urine less.
Acute diarrhea in children, if not treated in time, can lead to dangerous complications. The prolonged condition makes the body unable to absorb nutrients and weakens the body, reducing immunity.
The most effective way to prevent summer diseases for children
Child diseases hot season
Sanitation for prevention
Bathe and wash your child often. Regularly change clothes when there is a lot of sweat, avoiding colds, fungal infections. In addition, do not let children scratch the gum to avoid damaging the skin, skin infections. Avoid letting children play with dirt and sand. Do not go to bed after bathing; Don't come out suddenly - enter the air-conditioned room to avoid catching a cold.
Keep the living environment clean, clean, and clear the environment. Exposure to standing water prevents mosquito growth. Maintain a habit of sleeping with the nets, including at noon.
Nutrition
Children eat a variety of fruits rich in vitamin C, potassium, beta-carotene ... and minerals to help the child's body strengthen its resistance. Increase the group of foods with heat properties such as spinach, water spinach, zucchini ...
In the summer, children often exercise a lot in hot weather, sweat a lot, so they become dehydrated. Note for children to drink enough water, about 100ml / kg weight / day.
Drinks made from fruit should immediately let children drink them in high-temperature environments and lose vitamins.
Avoid giving children cold drinks, juices, juices, milk, ... stored in the refrigerator, so leave out about 10-15 minutes before giving them to children.
Sports and exercise help children stay away from children's diseases in hot seasons
Motor
In the summer, parents can let their baby play outdoors in the early morning and late afternoon to avoid the strong sunlight that affects the baby's health and skin.
If in winter, parents can let the baby play out in the late morning when the sun rises, there is no fog and early afternoon to ensure the best weather conditions for the baby to play. The time for children to play outdoors is at least 60 minutes / day for babies to exercise, their resistance is better when they are regularly familiar with changing environmental conditions.
Adequate vaccinations
Dangerous diseases suitable for the child's age with available vaccines, which provide the best protection for children during this hot season.
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