Keywords in Go
Keyword - Keywords are words in a language that are used for some internal processes or represent some predefined actions. Here is what you need to know about keywords in Golang.
The var keyword in Go
The var keyword in Golang is used to create variables of a specific type with a specific name and initial value. Initialization is optional at the time of declaring the variable using the var keyword which we will discuss later in this article.
Syntax:
var identifier type = expressionFor example:
// ở đây quantrimang1 là định danh
// hoặc tên biến, int là
// kiểu và 200 là giá trị được gán
var quantrimang1 int = 200As you know, Go is a statically typed language but it still provides the facility to remove the data type declaration when declaring a variable as shown in the syntax below. This is commonly known as Type Inference .
Syntax:
var identifier = initialValueFor example:
var quantrimang1 = 200Declare multiple variables using the var keyword
The var keyword is also used to declare multiple variables on a single line. You can also provide initial values to variables as shown below:
Declare multiple variables using the var keyword along with the type:
var quantrimang1, quantrimang2, quantrimang3, quantrimang4 intDeclare multiple variables using the var keyword along with their initial type and value.
var quantrimang1, quantrimang2, quantrimang3, quantrimang4 int = 10, 20, 30, 40Note:
You can also use type inference (discussed above) to let the compiler know about the type, i.e. have the option to erase the type while declaring multiple variables.
For example:
var quantrimang1, quantrimang2, quantrimang3, quantrimang4 = 10, 20, 30.30, trueYou can also use multiple lines to declare and initialize values of different types using the var keyword as follows:
For example:
var(
quantrimang1 = 100
quantrimang2 = 200.57
quantrimang3 bool
quantrimang4 string = "Quantrimang"
)When used typeduring declaration, you are only allowed to declare multiple variables of the same type. But when deleted typeduring declaration, you are allowed to declare multiple variables of different types.
For example:
// Minh họa chương trình Go khai báo nhiều biến bằng từ khóa var
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
// Khai báo và khởi tạo nhiều biến cùng loại trong một dòng cùng với kiểu
var geek1, geek2, geek3 int = 232, 784, 854
// Khai báo và khởi tạo nhiều biến của các kiểu khác nhau trong một dòng với kiểu không xác định
var geek4, geek5, geek6 = 100, "GFG", 7896.46
// Hiện giá trị của các biến
fmt.Printf("The value of geek1 is : %d\n", geek1)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek2 is : %d\n", geek2)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek3 is : %d\n", geek3)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek4 is : %d\n", geek4)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek5 is : %s\n", geek5)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek6 is : %f", geek6)
}
Result:
The value of geek1 is : 232
The value of geek2 is : 784
The value of geek3 is : 854
The value of geek4 is : 100
The value of geek5 is : GFG
The value of geek6 is : 7896.460000Important points to remember about the var keyword in Go:
- While declaring a variable using the var keyword, you can remove either type or = expression but not both. If you remove it, the compiler will throw an error.
- If you remove expression then the variable will contain zero for numbers and false for boolean “” for strings and nil for interfaces and reference types by default. So there is no concept of uninitialized variable in Go language.
For example:
// Chương trình Go minh họa khái niệm từ khóa var
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
// Biến được khai báo nhưng không có khởi tạo
var geek1 int
var geek2 string
var geek3 float64
var geek4 bool
// Hiện giá trị zero của các biến
fmt.Printf("The value of geek1 is : %d\n", geek1)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek2 is : %s\n", geek2)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek3 is : %f\n", geek3)
fmt.Printf("The value of geek4 is : %t", geek4)
}
Result:
The value of geek1 is : 0
The value of geek2 is :
The value of geek3 is : 0.000000
The value of geek4 is : falseData types in Golang
Data types specify what type of data a valid Go variable can hold. In the Go language, types are divided into four categories as follows:
Function arguments in Golang
Go supports two main ways to pass arguments: Pass by Value and Pass by Reference. Go uses pass by value by default.
Function returning multiple values in Golang
In Go language, you are allowed to return multiple values from a function, using the return statement. In other words, in a function, a return statement can return multiple values.
Switch Statement in Go
Golang like most other programming languages has switch statement. Here is how to use switch statement in Golang.
Cases to know when using selection statements in Golang
In this article, we will learn how to use default case to avoid deadlock. But first, we will learn what is deadlock case when using select command in Golang?
Anonymous structures and fields in Golang
Anonymous structs in Golang are temporary structures with no names used for one-time purposes, while anonymous fields allow embedding of unnamed fields.
How to use Rune in Golang
What is Rune in Golang? How to use Rune in Golang? This article will give you the answer.
How to use operators in Golang
Operators allow us to perform different types of operations on operands. In Go language, operators can be classified based on their different functions.
Void identifier in Golang
_(underscore) in Golang is called Blank Identifier. Identifier is a user-defined name of program elements used for identification purposes.
How to create basic program in Golang
Hello, World! is the first basic program in any programming language. You can write this first program in Golang by following the steps below.
How to Install Go on Windows
Golang can be easily installed on Windows. Here is a step-by-step guide to install Golang on Windows.
Methods with the same name in Golang
Golang allows creating two or more methods with the same name in the same package, but the receivers of these methods must be of different types.
Functions in Go
In Go, functions are blocks of code that perform specific tasks, which can be reused throughout the program to save memory, improve readability, and save time.
Variable Scope in Go
The scope of a variable in Golang determines which part of the program the variable is accessible to. In Go, all identifiers have a lexical scope that is determined at compile time.
Play Together space, name the space Play Together
Many people use spaces in their Play Together names or use small underscores to create spaces between the letters you write in your name.
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